2 Wherefore I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive. For this
- i. e., “This successful work makes the worker an object of envy.” Some understand the meaning to be, “this work is the effect of the rivalry of man with his neighbor.”. The illustration hereby induced of the value of closer social connection of men and harmonious co-operation of their powers to one end (9–12) leads to the closing reflection; this is devoted to the distress and disaster of the highest circles of human society, acknowledging the fate even of the most favoured pets of fortune, such as the occupants of princely or kingly thrones, to be uncertain and liable to a reverse, and thus showing that. That would be an incorrect thought: whereas it is a demonstrated truth that "men envy the happy." 1905-1909. "First, the competitive urge….We may quibble if we will, and remind him (Solomon) of such people as solitary castaways or needy peasants, who toil simply to keep alive, or those artists who really love perfection for its own sake; but the fact remains that all too much of our hard work and high endeavor is mixed with the craving to outshine or not to be outshone. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/wen/ecclesiastes-4.html. BibliographyDunagan, Mark. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/whe/ecclesiastes-4.html. BibliographyNicoll, William R. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". "[7] Also in this second paragraph, a number of illustrations are given to illuminate the real point. 1871-8. 4:9-12 - This sermon encourages believers to develop intentional relationships within the Body of Christ. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/dun/ecclesiastes-4.html. 4 Again I turned my attention to all the acts of oppression that go on under the sun. I have seen that every labor and every skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a man and his neighbor. The word כשרין, which occurs only in Koheleth, is rendered by the LXX. "Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible". Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV® Copyright ©1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. 4:6 Better is an handful with quietness, than both the hands full with travail and vexation of spirit. Ecclésiaste 4:9-12 Louis Segond (LSG). 1854-1889. "The New John Gill Exposition of the Entire Bible". Ver. Better is a handful with quietness, than two handfuls and striving after wind. 1 Unusual skill, talent and success seem only to expose a man to envy and ill will from his neighbor. They often become great and prosperous, but this excites envy and opposition. I saw the tears of the oppressed, and there was no one to comfort them.+ And their oppressors had the power, and there was no one to comfort them. The Graec. This also is vanity and a striving after wind. All Rightes Reserved, Larry Pierce, Winterbourne, Ontario.A printed copy of this work can be ordered from: The Baptist Standard Bearer, 1 Iron Oaks Dr, Paris, AR, 72855. BibliographyBarnes, Albert. So, that’s all so exciting. 6 d Better is a handful of e quietness than two hands full of toil and a striving after wind. "And I have seen that every labor and every skill which is done is the result of rivalry between a man and his neighbor. Copyright StatementThese files are public domain and are a derivative of an electronic edition that is available on the Christian Classics Ethereal Library Website. 3. So the tenth commandment. Ver. Ecclesiastes 6:4 "For he cometh in with vanity, and departeth in darkness, and his name shall be covered with darkness. " 5 Fools fold their hands. 1865-1868. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/cpc/ecclesiastes-4.html. The illustration hereby induced of the value of closer social connection of men and harmonious co-operation of their powers to one end, V. The sentence against the vanity of all earthly things necessarily extends even to the greatest and most powerful of earth. Denomination: Baptist. See note on Ecclesiastes 1:14. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/geb/ecclesiastes-4.html. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/mpc/ecclesiastes-4.html. "[5] Another view of the fool mentioned here is that he represents the envious man. The Ecclesiastes 4: 1 Then I returned and saw all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and, behold, the tears of those who were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter. Better a poor and wise youth Than an old and foolish king who will be admonished no more. If one be poor, he is in distress; if rich, he is exposed to envy; so that all is vanity. There is also, an oppression that Satan tries to harass us all with. Ecclesiastes 4:3. Then he becomes a living soul. This is also vanity and vexation of spirit. That for this a man is envied of his neighbour. It is meant to highlight the futility of human effort apart from God. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". So shall thy poverty come as one that travelleth, and thy want as an armed man.". 15:16,17; 16:8) or quote. It does not seem to matter what we do. II. This too is meaningless, a chasing after the wind.(A). Abilene Christian University Press, Abilene, Texas, USA. Used by Permission. When wilt thou arise out of sleep? Then further, the connection with Ecclesiastes 4:5-6 is decisive against this view. The word rendered "right" is kishron (see on Ecclesiastes 2:21), and means rather "dexterity," "success." 4 And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. The matter of complaint is that the skill developed in labour has no higher prerogative. BibliographyClarke, Adam. This too is vanity and striving after wind. Ecclesiastes 4:4. Sowing Discord Contributed by James Dina on Aug 7, 2020 | 698 views. It is of course better to be envied than pitied, but still envy with all the hostile and pernicious acts flowing therefrom, and which frequently bring about the ruin of their object, is a great evil, and it is no small consolation for a man who, like Israel at the time, finds himself in an unenviable position, to know that he is not exposed to this torment. Ecclesiaste 4:4 E ho visto che ogni fatica e ogni buona riuscita nel lavoro provocano invidia dell’uno contro l’altro. Church Pulpit Commentary. Following the example of the Decalogue מרעהו draws attention to the baseness of the fact that the friend, of God and right, grudges him the successful results of his skilful labour. 1870. 4 Then I saw that all toil and all skill in work come from a man’s envy of his neighbor. 4:16 The Teacher tells us that people are not fair to each other. 1685. Now self is not the only issue. 10 Car, s'ils tombent, l'un relève son compagnon; mais malheur à celui qui est seul et qui tombe, sans avoir un second pour le relever! https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bnb/ecclesiastes-4.html. Instead, they are cruel. But the remark here is of activity and skill now at work, so that jealousy is the true word. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh. This too is futile--a miserable task. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". Copyright © 2019 by Zondervan. Industries, or Hebrew, "righteous actions." New International Version (NIV), Upgrade to Bible Gateway Plus, and access the, Ecclesiastes 4:4 in all English translations, NIV, Beautiful Word Bible Journal, Romans, Comfort Print, NIV, Quest Study Bible, Comfort Print: The Only Q and A Study Bible, NIV, Story of Jesus: Experience the Life of Jesus as One Seamless Story, NIV, The Story: The Bible as One Continuing Story of God and His People, NIV, Biblical Theology Study Bible, Comfort Print: Follow God’s Redemptive Plan as It Unfolds throughout Scripture. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". The book contains philosophical speeches by a character called '(the) Qoheleth' (="the Teacher"), composed probably between 5th to 2nd century BCE. V. The sentence against the vanity of all earthly things necessarily extends even to the greatest and most powerful of earth (13–16). 4:4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. We gravely need to remember that the stream cannot rise above its source, nor the fruit be better than the root from which it grows; that the business ardour which has its origin in a base and selfish motive can only be a base and selfish ardour. 5 The fool b folds his hands and c eats his own flesh. 1859. With כּי , quod , that which forms the pred. 4. {See Trapp on "Proverbs 27:4"}. Ecclesiastes 4:8 There is a man all alone, without even a son or brother. Sowing discord among brethren is an abomination in the eyes of the Lord. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". - Secondly, success meets with envy, and produces no lasting good to the worker; yet, however unsatisfactory the result, man must continue to labor, as idleness is ruin. The root meaning of the word is “thus pointing to what is hidden in the distant future or in the distant past.”[1] Therefore, in some passages the word refers to something in the distant past or future. 4:6 This verse is possibly another proverb (e.g., Prov. Who, in consequence of this very wealth, run the risk of falling into a helpless, joyless, and isolated condition, destitute of friends and adherents, IV. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". Ecclesiastes 4:4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This is also true of moral works; which are right, when done from a right principle, from love to God, in faith, and with a view to the glory of God; and which when done, and ever so well done, draw upon a man the envy of the wicked, as may be observed in the case of Cain and Abel, 1 John 3:12; though some understand this, not passively, of the envy which is brought upon a man, and he endures, for the sake of the good he excels in; but actively, of the spirit of emulation with which he does it; though the work he does, as to the matter of it, is right; yet the manner of doing it, and the spirit with which he does it, are wrong; he does not do it with any good affection to the thing itself, nor with any good design, only from a spirit of emulation to outdo his neighbour: so the Targum paraphrases it, "this is the emulation that a man emulates his neighbour, to do as he; if he emulates him to do good, the heavenly Word does good to him; but if he emulates him to do evil, the heavenly Word does evil to him;'. 4:8 used in Eccl. This is another piece of life’s vanity; that, as greater men will lie heavy upon you and oppress you, so meaner men will be envying at you and oppose you: as Cain did Abel, Saul’s courtiers did David; the peers of Persia, Daniel; the Scribes and Pharisees, our Saviour. ECCLES 4:5 The fool foldeth his hands together, and eateth his own flesh. When a person is born, he is nothing, until the breath of life is breathed into him by God. "Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers". 2 A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;. NASB (UPDATED) TEXT: ECCLESIASTES 4:7-8 7 Then I looked again at vanity under the sun. To lay or fold the hands together is a gesture of laziness. BibliographyBenson, Joseph. I. Ernst Hengstenberg on John, Revelation, Ecclesiastes, Ezekiel & Psalms. "Vanity and empty effort" are not usually predicated of labours winch are morally worthless, but of such as bring no advantage (compare Ecclesiastes 2:17). Every right work ... for this a man is envied - rather (as note, Ecclesiastes 2:21, "equity," prosperity), prosperous. III. It aggravates the baseness of the envy, that it is on the part of one's own neighbour. This constitutes a part of the vain and empty system of human life. 1999-2014. travail = toil, as connected with trouble, sorrow. Ecclesiastes 4:4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. Based Ecc. 1832. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/rbc/ecclesiastes-4.html. Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible, Devotion to Business springs from Jealous Competition, Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments, George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary, "First, the competitive urge….We may quibble if we will, and remind him (Solomon) of such people as solitary castaways or needy peasants, who toil simply to keep alive, or those artists who really love perfection for its own sake; but the fact remains that all too much of our hard work and high endeavor is mixed with the craving to outshine or not to be outshone. BibliographyExell, Joseph S. "Commentary on "Ecclesiastes 4:4". vexation, &c. = feeding on wind. Now the focus and effect of the Fall are reduced. "George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary". According to the contrast here drawn pips must refer to the labour, the activity itself, and not to the result. To report dead links, typos, or html errors or suggestions about making these resources more useful use our convenient, "For this a man is envied of his neighbor", John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible, Again I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament, I. BibliographyCoffman, James Burton. Eccl. Not the same word as in Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 2:23, Ecclesiastes 2:26; Ecclesiastes 3:10; Ecclesiastes 4:8; Ecclesiastes 5:14. every right work = all the dexterity in work. Verses 4-6. From the sad lot of victims innocently suffering from tyrannical persecution and oppression (1–3), the description proceeds directly to the more lucky but not more innocent condition of persons consumed with envy, dissatisfaction, and jealousy, and who with toilsome efforts chase after the treasures of this earth. BibliographyJamieson, Robert, D.D. "Some understand the meaning of this verse as a description of work which is the effect of rivalry with a neighbor. Companionship and … "The 1599 Geneva Study Bible". "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". 2 Therefore I praised the dead who have been long dead more than the living who are yet alive. - Again, I considered all travail, and every right work. Every right work - Rather, every success in work. BibliographyWesley, John. Other people are too lazy. 1999. Again I looked and saw all the oppression that was taking place under the sun: I saw the tears of the … Read verse in Riveduta 1927 (Italian) (4) Right work.—Rather, skilful. BibliographyEllicott, Charles John. We buy a new car, home, etc…, only to find someone trying to find fault with our choice. Right work — All the worthy designs of virtuous men. Every right work; all the worthy designs and complete works of wise and virtuous men. Which naturally rob labor and talent of lasting enjoyment. 4:9-12 This paragraph speaks of the advantage of companionship. This is also vanity. There follow after, the words: "and to a man who has not laboured therein must he give it." Peshitta, Targum, and Talmud attribute the authorship of the book to King Solomon. That for this a man is envied of his neighbour.] Cela aussi est une vanité et un tourment d'esprit. 4 And I saw that all toil and all achievement spring from one person’s envy of another. here and in Ecclesiastes 2:21 by ἀνδρέα, virtus. 4. This too is vanity and striving after wind.". Copyright StatementThe Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament is a derivative of a public domain electronic edition. "Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible". ECCLES 4:4 Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. "Commentary on Ecclesiastes 4:4". The margin gives here the true sense, or at least the better, This springs from a man’s jealousy towards his neighbour. BibliographyKeil, Carl Friedrich & Delitzsch, Franz. The Ecclesiastes 4: 1 So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of such as were oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors there was power; but they had no comforter. It is hard that a man's zeal should be interpreted by his neighbour to be an envious desire to surpass, to outstrip him. “It 3 will not leave even a root or branch. the min in mere'ehu is as in amatz min , Psalms 18:18, and the like - the same as the compar. But instead thereof, so it is. Looking with jealous envy on the successful rivals of their struggles, and with scorn on those less fortunate, who are contented with a more modest lot, III. BibliographyBullinger, Ethelbert William. Again I considered all travail — Hebrew כל עמל, all the labour, toil, or trouble, which men undertake or undergo; and every right work — All the worthy designs of virtuous men; that for this a man is envied of his neighbour — Instead of that honour and recompense which he deserves, he meets with nothing but envy, and obloquy, and many evil fruits thereof. https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/teb/ecclesiastes-4.html. BibliographyTorrey, R. A. Even in friendly rivalry this may play a larger part than we think----for we can bear to be outclassed for some of the time and by some people, but not too regularly or too profoundly", Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Unabridged, Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers, Commentary Critical and Explanatory - Unabridged, Kretzmann's Popular Commentary of the Bible, Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures. "is done is the result of rivalry"-"that the basic motive for success is the driving force of envy and jealousy" (Tay). https:https://www.studylight.org/commentaries/gsb/ecclesiastes-4.html. Ecclesiastes 4:1 So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of [such as were] oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors [there was] power; but they had no comforter. 1874-1909. 1857. Even in friendly rivalry this may play a larger part than we think----for we can bear to be outclassed for some of the time and by some people, but not too regularly or too profoundly" (Kidner p. 45).
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