At present (August 2007) County Donegal sends six T.D. Antrim (in Irish "Aontroim", in Ulster-Scots "Coonty Entrim") is one of six counties of Northern Ireland, which means it is a part of the United Kingdom.The county of Antrim is around 1,176 square miles (3,046 square kilometers) in size and home to a population of about 618,000. Protestants, including some Presbyterians, who in some parts of the province had come to identify with the Roman Catholic community, used violence to intimidate Roman Catholics who tried to enter the linen trade. [2] It is highly likely that explorers borrowed and modified this term. of the ten it has elected to Dáil Éireann, the Lower House of the Oireachtas, the parliament of the Republic of Ireland. Despite the fact that Article 8 designated Irish as the "national" and "first official" language, Éire has to some extent passed out of everyday conversation and literature, and the state is referred to as Ireland or its equivalent in all other languages. In the early 20th century, moves towards Irish self-rule were opposed by many Ulster Protestants, sparking the Home Rule Crisis. Ériu is generally believed to have been the matron goddess of Ireland, a goddess of sovereignty, or simply a goddess of the land. Noel Davern asked in the Dáil in 1974 why Irish stamps had EIRE rather than ÉIRE. [citation needed], Most of the 18th century saw a calming of sectarian tensions in Ulster. English is taught in all schools in the province; Irish (Gaeilge) is taught in all schools in the counties that are part of the Republic, and in schools in Northern Ireland, almost exclusively in the Roman Catholic and Irish-medium sectors. Settlements in Ulster with at least 14,000 inhabitants, listed in order of population: The GDP of the province of Ulster is around €50 billion. Classic editor History Talk (0) Share. [citation needed]. Saor Éire (IPA: [s̪ˠɯɾˠ eːɾʲə] / [s̪ˠiːɾˠ eːɾʲə], meaning Free Ireland) was a far-left political organisation established in September 1931 by communist -leaning members of the Irish Republican Army, with the backing of the IRA leadership. Davern considered the spelling Eire to be worse than a misspelling, because eire is a separate word, meaning "a burden, load or encumbrance". A lot of IRA activity also took place at this time in County Donegal and the City of Derry, where one of the main Republican leaders was Peadar O'Donnell. [12] The name is also used by various organisations such as cultural and sporting bodies. Ulster (irsky Uladh) je historická provincie (irské království) na severovýchodě Irska.Větší část Ulsteru je jako takzvané Severní Irsko součástí Spojeného království, menší část náleží k Irské republice.Toto rozdělení Ulsteru pochází z roku 1920 a od roku 1922 je mezinárodní hranicí. These refugees' linguistic influence still survives in the dialects of Irish spoken in Mayo, which have many similarities to Ulster Irish not found elsewhere in Connacht. A plan to re-link Sligo and Derry through Donegal has been postponed until at least 2030. Downshire Bridge Crossing the bay to Murlough, Cattle near Six Road Ends Seen from the Kirkistown to Ballyeaseborough Road. This was illustrated when Erskine H. Childers, a Church of Ireland member and Teachta Dála (TD, a member of the lower house of the National Parliament) who had represented Monaghan, won election as President after having served as a long-term minister under Fianna Fáil Taoisigh Éamon de Valera, Seán Lemass and Jack Lynch. The etymology of Ériu is disputed but may derive from the Proto-Indo-European root * h2uer, referring to flowing water. Tommy McKearney, "Northern Ireland: From Imperial Asset to International Encumbrance", in Journal of World-Systems Theory, vol. Es bestand aus neun historischen Grafschaften (engl. For the Irish State, see, Irish language name of the island of Ireland and the country of the same name, SI 269 of 1961:"...the letters EIR are used to indicate the name of the State but the letters IRL may be substituted therefor. Low-level violence, however, continued in Ulster, causing Michael Collins in the south to order a boycott of Northern products in protest at attacks on the Nationalist community there. Eire Country ID EIR Capital province Meath/Ulster Primary Culture Gaelic State Religion Catholic Techgroup Latin Aristocracy 8 Centralisation 0 Innovative 3 Mercantilism 5 Offensive 7 Land 6 Quality 4 Serfdom 7 Eire is a country in Europa Universalis II. The origin of Ériu has been traced to the Proto-Celtic reconstruction *Φīwerjon- (nominative singular Φīwerjū < Pre-Proto-Celtic -jō). This Proto-Celtic form became *Īweriū in Proto-Goidelic. Partition of Ireland, first mooted in 1912, was introduced with the enactment of the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which gave a form of "Home rule" self-government to two areas, Southern Ireland, with its capital at Dublin, and "Northern Ireland", consisting of six of Ulster's central and eastern counties, both within a continuing United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Based on these historical accounts, the Roman Empire called the island Hibernia. The Counties Tyrconnell, Tyrone, Fermanagh, Cavan, Coleraine and Armagh comprised the official Colony. This, and the subsequent Irish War of Independence, led to the partition of Ireland. Ulster is one of the four Irish provinces. Counties shaded in grey are in the Republic of Ireland. The Ulaidh were a group of tribes who dwelt in the region. [20], Founded in 1937, the Eire Society of Boston is an influential Irish-American group. 383 of 1952 and no. They are Cavan, Monaghan, Fermanagh, Tyrone and Donegal. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}54°24′N 7°00′W / 54.4°N 7.0°W / 54.4; -7.0, a. [17][18] The minister stated, "The word on the stamp ... does not mean 'eire' and it is not understood to mean 'eire' by anybody except Davern. In responses to the 2001 census in Northern Ireland 10% of the population had "some knowledge of Irish"[27] and 4.7% could "speak, read, write and understand" Irish. 's to Dáil Éireann. Northern Ireland's current politics originate from these late 19th century disputes over Home Rule that would have devolved some powers of government to Ireland, and which Ulster Protestants usually opposed—fearing for their religious rights calling it "Rome Rule" in an autonomous Roman Catholic-dominated Ireland and also not trusting politicians from the agrarian south and west to support the more industrial economy of Ulster. One of the primary stipulations of the treaty was the transformation of Ireland into a self-governing British dominion called the Irish Free State (which later became the sovereign Republic of Ireland), but with the option of a continuation of the home rule institution of Northern Ireland, still within the United Kingdom, if the Northern Ireland Parliament (already in existence) chose to opt out of the Irish Free State. Thereafter, Ulster remained firmly under Williamite control and William's forces completed their conquest of the rest of Ireland in the next two years. The county covers an area of 1,691 km² (653 sq; mi), with a population of approximately 61,170, with Enniskillen its county town. [21], Éire has also been incorporated into the names of Irish commercial and social entities, such as Eir (formerly Eircom and Telecom Éireann) and its former mobile phone network, Eircell. for Londonderry City. The accent has been omitted on most Irish stamps issued over the past ten years in the interests of artistic balance and in accordance with a common practice in the printing of Irish in Roman script for display purposes. As a result, separate international teams are fielded and separate championships take place (Irish Football League in Northern Ireland, League of Ireland in the rest of Ulster and Ireland). Northern Ireland is often referred to as Ulster,[20] despite including only six of Ulster's nine counties. The Williamites based in Enniskillen defeated another Jacobite army at the battle of Newtownbutler on 28 July 1689. The efforts to attract colonists from England and Scotland to the Ulster Plantation were considerably affected by the existence of British colonies in the Americas, which served as a more attractive destination for many potential emigrants. Hay nueve condados en la provincia. Éire Nua y el gobierno del Ulster. Volcanic activity in eastern Ulster led to the formation of the Antrim Plateau and the Giant's Causeway, one of Ireland's three UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The Boyne and its tributary the Blackwater were the traditional southern boundary of the province of Ulster and appear as such in the Táin Bó Cúailnge. [19] Words that have been used in English are Ullish and Ulsterman/Ulsterwoman. Ireland (/ ˈ aɪər l ə n d / (); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] (); Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.It is about 486 kilometres (302 miles) long and about 288 kilometres (179 miles) wide. [9] Para todos los propósitos oficiales, incluyendo relaciones internacionales y otros documentos legales, el gobierno irlandés usa el nombre de Ireland, además de utilizar Éire para documentos escritos en irlandés. It was not until after the 1998 Good Friday Agreement that the UK government accepted the preferred name of simply "Ireland", at the same time as Ireland dropped its territorial claim over Northern Ireland. Sanskrit pīvan, pīvarī and pīvara that could be related to Hindu goddess Parvati and Persian parvar(پروار) meaning "fat, full, abounding"). Initially after 1937 the United Kingdom insisted on using only the name "Eire" and refused to accept the name "Ireland". Peuplée de 1 810 863 habitants d'après le recensement du Royaume-Uni de 2011, elle rep… This did not announce its findings until 1925, when the line was again drawn around six of Ulster's nine counties, with no change from the partition of 1920. Considerable numbers of Ulster-Scots emigrated to the North American colonies throughout the 18th century (160,000 settled in what would become the United States between 1717 and 1770 alone). The Williamites' victory in this war ensured British rule in Ireland for over 200 years. At the 1948 Summer Olympics in London the organisers insisted that the Irish team march under the banner "Eire" notwithstanding that every other team was marching according to what their name was in English. The war in Ulster ended with the defeat of the native army at the Battle of Scarrifholis, near Newmills on the western outskirts of Letterkenny, County Donegal, in 1650, as part of the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland conducted by Oliver Cromwell and the New Model Army, the aim of which was to expel all native Irish to the Province of Connaught.[39]. Political tensions resurfaced, albeit in a new form, towards the end of the 18th century. When Derry City F.C. Three Ulster counties – Cavan, Donegal and Monaghan – form part of the Republic of Ireland. From 1938 to 1962 it was marked "EIR", short for Éire. The Circuit of Ireland Rally is an annual automobile rally held in Ulster since 1931. Is one of the founding socialist Republics of the Federal Socialist Republics of Ireland. The historic Flag of Ulster served as the basis for the Ulster Banner (often referred to as the Flag of Northern Ireland), which was the flag of the Government of Northern Ireland until the proroguing of the Stormont parliament in 1973. Dissatisfaction with this led to the Irish War of Independence, which formally ceased on 11 July 1921. Many of them settled in northern Connacht. County Cavan and County Monaghan form the one constituency called Cavan-Monaghan, which sends five T.D. All parties knew that this was certain to be the choice of the Ulster Unionists who had a majority in the parliament, and immediately on the creation of the Free State they resolved to leave it. Thousands of unionists, led by the Dublin-born barrister Sir Edward Carson and James Craig, signed the "Ulster Covenant" of 1912 pledging to resist Home Rule. It is named after the overkingdom of Ulaid, in the east of the province, which was in turn named after the Ulaid folk. It is of note that both the Williamite and Jacobite armies were religiously mixed; William of Orange's own elite forces, the Dutch Blue Guards had a papal banner with them during the invasion, many of them being Dutch Roman Catholics.[42]. [47] The Irish Football Association (the I.F.A.) [38], The Plantation of Ulster continued well into the 18th century, interrupted only by the Irish Rebellion of 1641. 's to the Dáil (one of whom is a Protestant). The majority of Irish people were "Jacobites" and supported James II due to his 1687 Declaration of Indulgence or, as it is also known, The Declaration for the Liberty of Conscience, that granted religious freedom to all denominations in England and Scotland and also due to James II's promise to the Irish Parliament of an eventual right to self-determination. [12], In 1922–1938 the international plate on Irish cars was "SE". The province's main airport is Belfast International Airport (popularly called Aldergrove Airport), which is located at Aldergrove, 11.5 miles northwest of Belfast near Antrim. The province of Ulaidh would survive restricted to the east of modern Ulster until the Norman invasion in the late 12th century. [14] "EIR" is also shown in other legislation such as the car insurance statutory instrument no. oversees the sport in N.I., while the Football Association of Ireland (the F.A.I.) The Irish name, Cúige Uladh, means the ’province of the Ulaid’ (Ulaidh in modern Irish), with the term cúige formerly referring to a fifth. Ériu is generally believed to have been the matron goddess of Ireland, a goddess of sovereignty, or simply a goddess of the land. Hay nueve condados en … For the constituent country of the UK, see, Traditional province in the north of Ireland, Republicanism, rebellion and communal strife, Industrialisation, Home Rule and partition. The most easterly point in Ireland is also in Ulster, in County Down, and the most westerly point in the UK is in County Fermanagh. Ireland has historically been divided into four provinces: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. Six Ulster counties became Northern Ireland, a self-governing territory within the United Kingdom, while the rest of Ireland became the Irish Free State, now the Republic of Ireland. The border has divided association football teams since 1921. [26], Most people in Ulster speak English. The evolution of the word would follow as such: A 19th century proposal, which does not follow modern standards of etymology, derives the name from Scottish Gaelic: The etymology fails in that tiar (the historical form) has no *téir forms which would allow the development of the *é of Éire; moreover, Old Irish (= Old Gaelic) í "island" was a late loan word from Old Norse ey "island", and so did not exist in prehistoric Ireland. According to historian Francis John Byrne the Ulaid 'possibly still ruled directly in Louth as far as the Boyne in the early seventh century'[31] when Congal Cáech made a bid for the kingship of Tara. According to tradition, in ancient Ireland it was one of the fifths (Irish: cúige) ruled by a rí ruirech, or "king of over-kings". This lack of trust, however, was largely unfounded as during the 19th and early 20th century important industries in the southernmost region of Cork included brewing, distilling, wool and like Belfast, shipbuilding.[43]. The fighting in Ulster during the Irish War of Independence generally took the form of street battles between Protestants and Roman Catholics in the city of Belfast. stair na hÉireann "the history of Ireland, Ireland's history"), is found in the Gaelic forms of the titles of companies and institutions in Ireland e.g. LIrlande du NordNote 3 (en anglais : Northern Ireland ; en irlandais : Tuaisceart Éireann ; en scots d'Ulster : Norlin Airlann) est l'une des quatre nations constitutives du Royaume-Uni, occupant le nord-est de l'île d'Irlande qu'elle partage avec l'État d'Irlande indépendant. It was allegedly the largest battle ever fought on the island of Ireland, and resulted in the death of Congal and the retreat of Domhnall Brecc.